Dropout in the University of Granada: Understanding External Factors Influence for making Pedagogic Proposals using ICT

Abstract

University dropout is a widespread phenomenon that affects higher education institutions worldwide. Dropout is considered a multidimensional and multicausal issue, influenced by a range of personal, academic, and contextual factors. This investigation presents a correlational-predictive study examining the influence of motivation, attitude and behavior, commitment, and socioeconomic conditions on university permanence. The sample consisted of 637 students from the University of Granada. Data were collected using the standardized questionnaire developed by Velázquez Narváez and González Medina (2017), which includes 78 Likert-type items. The results indicate that all analyzed factors are significantly associated with student permanence. Socioeconomic conditions showed the strongest correlation (r = 0.397, p < .001), highlighting their predictive value. Finally, methodological strategies such as gamification or the use of Virtual Reality are proposed to help reduce university dropout rates.