The Strategic Role of FELDA in Improving Socioeconomic Wellbeing: A Critical Analysis (2015-2024)

Abstract

This study examines how effectively FELDA has improved settler socioeconomic wellbeing (2015-2024) and identifies implementation gaps in FELDA's development strategies. Research employed a qualitative multi-case methodology across six settlements in Johor, Pahang, and Negeri Sembilan, collecting data through interviews with 84 respondents, field observations, and document analysis. Data underwent thematic analysis within an institutional theory framework. Results demonstrate FELDA achieved significant economic improvements—settler monthly income increased 68% (RM2,500 to RM4,200) and the Community Wellbeing Index rose from 65.5 to 78.3. However, implementation gaps persisted with outcomes below targets, alongside a sharp generational divide in technology adoption. These findings provide guidance for policymakers on institutional transformation strategies regarding demographic transition, technology adoption, and governance models. The study extends institutional theory by demonstrating formal structures' interaction with local implementation dynamics in rural development contexts. Future research should investigate transferability of successful FELDA strategies to other rural development initiatives and explore innovative intergenerational knowledge transfer models that could address the technological divide affecting elderly settlers.