The U.S. Federal Strategies Supporting the Transition to Renewable Energy: A Study of Incentives, Legislation, and Institutional Initiatives

Abstract

The United States plays a major role in global energy dynamics as a leading producer and consumer. The U.S. has advanced a several federal strategies to support the transition toward renewable energy. The strategies included legislative measures, financial incentives, institutional actions, and national programs to indorse the deployment of clean energy technologies. Although existing literature have addressed individual aspects of such U.S. efforts, limited attention was given to the way they operate collectively. This study aims to examine the U.S. legal and institutional frameworks, financial and tax incentives, and major national programs introduced to support the renewable energy sector. The study focuses on key legislative acts, including the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the CHIPS and Science Act, as well as flagship initiatives. The study also provides a clear understanding of the federal actions coordination to achieve net-zero emissions and a carbon-free electricity by 2035.