Geographical Analysis of Palm Tree Production in Dhi Qar Governorate

Abstract

Dhi Qar Governorate is one of the most important agricultural regions, especially in palm cultivation. Despite environmental and economic challenges, palm cultivation remains an important sector in supporting food security and providing sources of income for many local residents. Palm cultivation is an important source of income for many farmers in the governorate and contributes to supporting the local economy by exporting dates to domestic and foreign markets. Thousands of farmers and families depend on this activity, which enhances the stability of rural communities and reduces unemployment. Palm trees also play an important role in combating desertification, providing shade, and protecting soil from erosion. The most important commercial date varieties in the study area are Al-Zahdi, Al-Khastawi, Wasitat Omran, Al-Maktoum, Al-Khadrawi, Al-Buraim, and Al-Shukr. These varieties are characterized by their high quality, nutritional value, and growing demand in Iraqi and Arab markets. Palm trees in the governorate face several obstacles, including natural factors such as climate factors such as extreme heat and declining water supplies, human problems such as the shortage of agricultural labor, and life-threatening problems such as diseases and pests. Dhi Qar Governorate has promising potential in The field of palm cultivation and date production. Despite the challenges, developing this sector requires the combined efforts of the government and private sectors to advance it and increase its returns, thus contributing to achieving sustainable development.